Toshka's ancient civilization

Explorers have long been aware that ancient peoples inhabited the lands of the upper Egypt’s Nile river in what is today the area between northern Sudan and south Egypt.

The obsession western archaeologists has shown with Egypt’s brilliant kingdoms, has detracted from further research into the Nubian culture.

When Nubians were noticed at all, they were depicted as one of Egypt’s defeated enemies or, as in Hatshepsut’s shrine, as mercenaries in the service of Egypt.

The influence of Egyptian culture was so great that Nubians appropriated Amun, the Egyptian god, for their own ram-headed deity.

They even believed Amun’s source of divinity was located in Thebes as well as their on city of Napata.

According to recent archaeological theories, people lived in Nubia and its surrounding areas, including Toshka some 12,000 years ago, centuries before the ancient Egyptian civilization emerged.